Who was Brutus? (1549-1623) "Brutus" is the pen name of Huguenot theologian Du Plessis-Mornay. He is the likely author of Vindiciae Contra Tyrannos (1579) sometime after the St. Bartholomew’s Day massacre. He’s known as the "Huguenot Pope" due to his effective leadership of Huguenot military and diplomacy.

Calvin, along with Martin Luther, marked a rebirth of Augustinianism in the West. The sovereignty of God was re-established as the ultimate determinative factor in the matter of human salvation and all things else. Whose will is first and final, man’s or God’s? This is a question of vital importance. Man makes choices, but ultimately, God decides who will deny, who will defer, and who will decide to yield to the promptings of His sovereign Spirit. If not God, then chance rules in all areas of life.

The two never met, but Calvin systematized Lutheran teaching. Not only salvation by faith in the atoning work of Christ alone, but many other doctrines. He and Luther recovered Augustine’s doctrine of God’s predestination in salvation. But, Calvin rejected Luther's view that the host was turned into the Lord's literal flesh during communion. He insisted on the figurative meaning. But he shared Luther's love of hymn writing. adapted tavern tunes to the lyrics of faith.